Showing posts with label television. Show all posts
Showing posts with label television. Show all posts

이탈리아 버전 ‘브리저튼’?…드라마 ‘레오파드’-원작 소설 비교[선넘는 콘텐츠]

“너를 사랑한다고.”

넷플릭스의 오리지날 드라마 'レオパード'(원제: 표범)에서는 19세기에 등장하는 주요 인물들이 소개됩니다. 여기서 콘체타 역할을 맡은 베네데따 포르칼로리는 남자친구인 탄크레디(사울 나니 분), 즉 그녀와 애틀런틱 팟 상태였던 상대방에게 직접적으로 자신의 감정을 표현합니다. 그러나 탄크레비는 아직까지 마음속 이야기를 공유하지 않고 있습니다. 이러한 선택은 당시 사회적 규칙 하에서 uncommon했던 행동입니다. 그렇다면, 같은 제목의 책과 비교했을 때, 영화판의 캐나다 커넥션은 왜 이런 방식으로 묘사되었을까요?

● 여성 캐릭터를 드라마의 핵심으로 올리다

국내에선 다소 낯선 이탈리아 드라마인 ‘레오파드’는 이탈리아 통일운동 ‘리소르지멘토’(Risorgimento)를 배경으로 귀족 사회의 몰락과 사랑을 다룬 시대극. 5일 공개된 뒤 넷플릭스 비영어권 TV쇼 부문에서 4위를 기록하며 주목받고 있다.

이 작품은 이탈리아 소설가 주세페 토마시 디 람페두사(1896~1957)가 쓴 장편 ‘표범’이 원작이다. 1958년 출간 이후 ‘이탈리아 국민소설’로 불리며 고전의 반열에 올랐다.

원작에서는 콘체타를 매우 소극적으로 그린다. 아버지의 지배 하에 말문이 막히게 되고, 자신감 없이 탱크레디에게 호감을 느끼지만 결국엔 감정을 드러내지 못한다. 아버지는 "콘체타가 진취적이고 영리한 남성을 지원해 새로운 사회의 부드럽게 굴곡진 경로를 올라갈 수 있겠는가? 조용하고 주저하는 성격과 내향성이 있는 콘체타로서는 가능하겠느냐?"라고 의구심을 나타낸다.

“언제나 순종하고 아버지가 아무리 불쾌하게 의사 표시를 해도 온하하게 따를 줄 알았다. 그녀는 지금처럼 변함없이 아름다운 기숙학교 여학생으로 남아서 남편 앞길에 걸림돌이나 될지도 모를 일이었다.”

드라마 속에서는 오히려 콘체타가 자신의 감정과 생각을 가리지 않습니다. 탄크レ디가 혁명군에 참전하고자 할 때 "친구(혁명군)들을 위해 모든 것을 바치겠단 말인가요? 우리가 지게 될 거라고 누가 그러나요?"라며 대립합니다. 또한 그녀는 예술과 천문학에 대해 열중하는 학자의 모습으로 묘사됩니다.

이러한 큰 전환은 현대 여성을 대상으로 한 리메이크 작품으로 해석된다. 박여영 민음사 부장은 "소설 속 콘체타는 아버지를 탓하며 점점 나이 들어가는 불행한 사람으로 묘사되지만, 드라마에서는 완전히 새로운 등장인물을 가지고 주요 배역에 가깝게 다루어지고 있다"면서 "제작팀의 현대적이고 강력한 여성상을 표현하려는 의도를 엿볼 수 있다"라고 말했다.

박 부장은 "드라마에서 살리는 조카인 탄클레이디에게 가문의 미래를 '투자'하면 콘셰타는 가문의 정신적 후계자가 되기로 한다"면서 "콘셰타는 당시 권위주의사회에서 억압받는 피해자일 수 있지만, 그래도 여전히 '표범'의 정신적 계승자를 유지하게 될 것"이라고 말했다.

● ‘브리저튼’의 이탈리아 버전?

탄크レ디가 콘체타를 떠나고 선택한 사람은 안젤리카(데바 카셀)이다. 콘체타가 귀족 집안출생과 대조적으로, 안젤리카는 새로 일어서는 중산계급의 여자 아이다. 그녀는 아름다움과 욕심으로써 탄크레디에게 힘을 발휘한다. 이 두 사람의 첫 만남에 대해 원작에서는 그렇게 표현하고 있다.

그녀의 피부는 크림색처럼 보여서 마치 실제로 신선한 크림 냄새가 날 것만 같았습니다. 아이 같은 그녀의 입술에서 딸기가 연상되는 달콤함을 느낄 수 있었어요. 검은 색으로 무성하게 자란 머릿칼은 매끄러운 파도를 이루며 휘날렸으며, 이른 아침 별처럼 빛나는 초록빛 눈동자는 전혀 움직이지 않는 석조 인형의 그것 같아 조금 잔혹해 보였습니다.

그녀는 느리게 걷다가 움직일 때마다 폭이 넓은 하얀 원피스가 마치 춤추듯 일렁였다. 자신감 넘치는 여성답게 그녀는 차분하고 어떠한 것에도 주눅 들지 않은 태도를 유지하며 우아함을 발산하였다. 사람들이 나중에 알고 보니, 그녀의 당당한 모습으로 그저 가득 찼던 저택 안으로 들어오는 것을 목격한 이들이 한때 경외심 때문에 정신을 잃을뻔하였다는 이야기였는데, 그것은 며칠 후까지 알려지지 않았다.

이 드라마에서는 이러한 '관능적 아름다움'을 더욱 부각시킨다. 마스크 볼 파티 장면에서 그녀가 선보이는 붉은색 의상은 모든 사람들을 매료시키며, 관객의 눈길을 단번에 잡아끈다. 안젤리카 역할을 맡은 카셀은 유명 배우 모니카 벨루치와 뱅상 카셀의 자매이다. 이것은 이태리를 중심으로 활동하는 새로운 세대로 대표되는 스타를 찾으려는 전략처럼 보인다.

빛나는 볼 댄스 파티와 섹슈얼한 사랑 이야기를 통해 사회 등급과 인간의 욕망, 그리고 사랑을 그래픽하게 묘사하는 방법은 익숙하다. 넷플릭스에서 큰 성공을 거둔 드라마 '브리져튼'을 생각나게 한다. 이 드라마는 19세기 초 영국 리젠시 시대로 설정되어 사치와 부패, 미학과 장엄함을 과감하고 매혹적인 비주얼로 제작하였다. 드라마 '러퍼드'의 각본 작업을 한 영국 소설가 리차드 월로위 역시 영국 BBC 방송 인터뷰에서 "이 작품 또한 '더 크라운' 또는 '브리져튼'처럼 눈에 띄는 시각적 효과가 특징"이라고 언급했다.

● 조상을 다룬 이야기가 국민 소설이 되었다

드라마 ‘레오파드’를 보고 있다 보면, 그 뒤에 놓인 원작 소설에도 손을 뻗어보고 싶어진다.

소설의 저자는 이태리 남쪽 시칠리아 섬에 위치한 고귀하고 역사적인 토마시 다 램ペ두자 가문의 마지막 대표로서 출생했습니다. 일찍이 법률 연구를 시작하였지만, 제1차 세계대전에는 참여하여헝가리를 비롯한 적군에게 사로잡히기도 하였습니다. 하지만 전장으로부터 도망쳐 다시 이탈리아로 걷기만 해서 돌아올 수 있었던 그는 나머지 인생 동안 외국 문학 작품들을 읽거나 번역하는 것에 몰입하면서 조용하게 살았습니다.

그가 생의 끝자락에서 완성한 유일한 장편 소설은 당시 여러 출판사로부터 외면받았다. 그러나 그가 숨을 거둔 지 1년 뒤에 세상에 나왔고, 이듬해 이탈리아 최고 문학상인 스트레가상을 거머쥐며 이탈리아 문단의 풍경을 뒤흔들었다.

소설은 단순히 한 귀족 집안의 몰락사를 다룬 것이 아닙니다. 작가는 빛과 어둠이 혼합되는 방식으로 미적 요소와 쇠통, 생명력과 사망, 고유한 관습과 변화, 그리고 계층 구조와 충돌이 복잡하게 상호작용하는 모습을 세밀하고 정교하게 묘사합니다. "모든 것이 기존 상태를 유지하길 원한다면, 모든 것들을 변경해야 할 것이다."라는 반전된 진술은 시간의 굽점을 지나는 동안 인류 존재의 무상함에 대해 독자에게 경종을 울립니다.

영국 일간지 가디언은 "넷플릭스가 고전 소설을 바탕으로 만든 드라마는 단순히 자극적이면서 화려한 비주얼쇼를 넘어서"라고 평하며, "촉감 있는 장면 속에서 맛있는 음식들이 가득하지만 그것보다 더 깊게 탐구하는 것은 혁명기의 사회 체제 안에서 어떤 방식으로 생존할 수 있었는지를 예리하게 분석한다"고 설명했다.

이호재 기자 hoho@donga.com

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George Reeves: Unmasking the Original Man of Steel

The 1950s was a decade filled with some of our best classic TV, and one of the most beloved shows to come out of that era was Adventures of Superman , starring George Reeves as television's very first version of the Man of Steel (you may actually recall the time that he appeared in an episode of the iconic I Love Lucy ). Debuting in the pages of Action Comics in 1938, the character had, by the time the series premiered in 1953, been the star of a long-running radio drama, big-screen animated short films, a pair of movie serials and the 1951 Reeves feature Superman and the Mole Men . But it was this take that would capture the imagination of fans for several generations.

George Reeves, a struggling actor at the time, came into the role with very little awareness of the character and certainly no sense of how it would impact his life - not all of it for the good, as things would ultimately end quite sadly for him after the series completed its run in 1958.

In this exclusive excerpt from the definitive Superman oral history book, Voices from Krypton , we look at the life, career and tragic death of George Reeves.

The cover of the Superman oral history book, Voices from Krypton

CHUCK HARTER (author, Superboy & Superpup: The Lost Videos ): In May of 1951, Robert Maxwell, who had acted as producer of the radio series, along with colleague Bernard Luber, formed a production company called Superman Incorporated for the express purpose of producing a new television series featuring Superman. The first project to be lensed was Superman and the Mole Men . This would later be edited into two episodes entitled "The Unknown People." But the first task at hand was to cast an actor in the dual role of Superman and Clark Kent.

After several auditions, George Reeves, a film veteran who had appeared in various motion picture productions since his film debut in Gone with the Wind in 1939, was cast in the lead role. He proved to be an ideal choice, bringing a strong degree of believability in his portrayal of a stern avenging Man of Steel and a crusading newspaperman in the form of Clark Kent.

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JIM BEAVER (actor, George Reeves' Biographer): As I began to dig into George Reeves' story, it seemed much more interesting than I had realized. Obviously most people come to George Reeves with one or both of two angles. One is that he played Superman and the other is the controversial circumstances of his death. But what interested me is the fact that here was a guy who got pretty famous without ever really getting the trappings of success. Oscar Wilde said there are two tragedies in life. One is not getting what you want and the other is getting what you want. In some ways, George Reeves got what he wanted, but it didn't play out the way he'd hoped. I'm an actor myself, I've made my living at it, so I felt a real kinship for him, because this is a success story with very little actual success attached to it. This is not an actor who got rich and famous. It's accurate he got famous. Not that riches are the only interesting part.

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JIM NOLT (webmaster, theadventurescontinue ): George never fully realized how loved he was. He wanted to be admired for his talent and never knew the recognition he would have received if he had been around just a little while longer.

GARY GROSSMAN (author, Superman: From Serial to Cereal ): I believe, just as Adam West had been adored and found by new fans in life after Batman , especially on Family Guy where he was Mayor Adam West, George Reeves, had he lived into the '70s and '80s, would have been the go-to guest star on everything from Family Guy to The Love Boat and other types of shows. Jack Larson [Jimmy Olsen on Adventures of Superman ] said that George told him, "If I only knew I had adult fans, I'd feel better. I'd be happy." But he didn't have the opportunity to see all the adult fans grow up and recognize that people of all ages, even in the 1950s, were watching Adventures of Superman .

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He was born George Keefer Brewer on January 5, 1914 in Woolstock, Iowa to Donald Carl Brewer and Helen Lescher early on in their marriage. Shortly after his birth, they separated with George and his mother moving to Illinois. Eventually mother and son ended up in California, where she met and married Frank Joseph Bessolo, who adopted George in 1927. George, in turn, took his new father's last name. The marriage lasted 15 years before divorce, the couple separating while Reeves was visiting relatives. Upon his return, he was told that his stepfather had committed suicide.

JIM NOLT: George found himself under the sole care of his mother, who, it was often said, was slightly doting and over protective. And it wasn't until he enrolled at Pasadena Junior College that he discovered Bessolo wasn't his actual father.

GEORGE REEVES: It was during spring housecleaning, with everything all torn up, that I came across a picture of a good-looking guy, a big fellow, and idly asked who that was. Mother said, "Oh, that's your father," and then stopped dead when she realized what she'd said. Well, I went right after her. I wanted to know who he was and all about it. Then I learned she was 16 when I was born, that she divorced him before I was a year old and that when she married Bessolo, he adopted me. I've never seen my father or heard of him. Don't know whether he's alive or dead. But Bessolo was a grand fellow, never had said a word about the adoption to me. I thought I was Italian, little Georgie Bessolo, who talked Italian and Spanish with the other Bessolos and ate spaghetti, and all of the rest of it. And then I found out I was Irish. All Irish. ( The New York Sun , 1943)

George Reeves in 1940

MICHAEL J. HAYDE (author, Flights of Fantasy: The Unauthorized but True Story of Radio & TV's Adventures of Superman ): Growing up in Pasadena, and attending its community college, George was undoubtedly aware of the drama students who moved on to the prestigious Pasadena Playhouse. And once he made his decision to try acting, he enrolled there. Hollywood talent scouts were always in attendance, and after a few years of "seasoning," he got his break.

GARY GROSSMAN: George was a boxer in high school, on a Golden Gloves trajectory. He was doing well, but from what I understand, his mother said, "You have too pretty a face to keep doing this." Instead, he went to the Pasadena Playhouse and began taking classes. He became secretary to the director there and that got him to travel a little bit.

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MICHAEL J. HAYDE: Reeves was both gregarious and drawn to physical activity. When boxing didn't work out, acting was a way for him to engage in something physically strenuous and also draw upon his natural charm. Plus, he was blessed with an exceptional memory, making it easy to remember lines.

GEORGE REEVES: I went over to the Community Playhouse in Pasadena just to learn how to get on and off a stage. I wound up staying there for five years and became a Shakespearean actor. We were thinking about stage contracts. The movies seemed too far away. We all had our eyes on Broadway. ( St. Louis Post-Dispatch )

George Reeves in a production of Nightshade at the Pasadena Playhouse.

It's important to mention the one aspect of George Reeves' life that seems to have been lost to time, which is the fact that between 1940 and 1950 he was married to fellow Pasadena Playhouse actress Ellanora Needles.

JIM NOLT: I spoke to Ellanora several times and she had nothing but positive things to say about George. Practically to the level of praising him. By all accounts they had a good marriage for most of the years they were together, but according to Ellanora, she left him when they lost some money on an investment and someone richer came along and "swept me off my feet." She was not proud of that, but those were her words. George was deeply hurt and preferred not to talk about Ellanora after that.

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His first on-screen role was in Gone with the Wind (not a bad way to start), as Stuart Tarleton in a short sequence early on the film. After Gone with the Wind , George returned to the Pasadena Playhouse, where he scored his biggest role to date: The lead in a play called Poncho , in which he used a Mexican accent. After the first night, he had offers for tests from Paramount, Warner Bros and 20th Century Fox. Warner tested him first and signed him immediately.

George Reeves made his film debut in 1939's Gone with the Wind .

For the next two years he played minor roles in some of the bigger pictures at the studio, and leads in a few of the minor pictures. Despite all this, those two years didn't do a lot to advance his career and he remained a relative unknown in the business. His contract with Warner dissolved by mutual consent, and he signed a new one with Fox, which led to a few more roles, but nothing significant.

GARY GROSSMAN: George had leading man good looks in a Warner Bros way. I say that because his first contract was with them and he was in a series of shorts, but then put into a bunch of James Cagney movies. With his jaw and his nose - his broken nose from boxing - he kind of fit in with the tough guys from the Warner Bros stock company, whether it was Cagney and Bogey or George Raft and others.

George Reeves starring in Argentine Nights with the Ritz Brothers and the Andrew Sisters in 1940.

GEORGE REEVES: I decided that I knew about horses even if I didn't know how to get ahead in Hollywood, so I thought I'd get me a job in Westerns. Anyhow, I knew a swell girl, Tedi Sherman, who'd studied at Pasadena. She introduced me to her father, Harry. He put me to work in a beard as a villain. I did everything around that lot. And finally there was an opening in the Hopalong Cassidy leads; I became one of the trio which carries the pictures. It was fine. It was fun. ( Schenectady Gazette )

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This, in turn, led to him co-starring with Claudette Colbert in So Proudly We Hail! , and Paramount deciding to sign him up for two films a year. While So Proudly We Hail! seemed to signify a true launch for George's acting career, in early 1943 he decided to put it on hold by enlisting in the U.S. Army.

George Reeves and Claudette Colbert standing out on the deck in a scene from the film So Proudly We Hail, 1943.

GEORGE REEVES: I guess it was the picture; I couldn't get it out of my mind. I didn't bring up the fact that I was an actor. You know how people feel about actors. I didn't ask for special duty; so I went right along with the others. That was fine for a while. Then one of the men saw me in a picture and everyone asked why I hadn't told them I was an actor. That was fine, too, except that they began giving me special duty work as an actor. I'd do my regular job in the daytime and often give a show at night. It could have been all right, except that I couldn't do both jobs well, so I asked that I be assigned to either one; wherever I fit best. But it's all strictly G.I. with no one getting any publicity. ( The New York Sun )

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GARY GROSSMAN: George didn't go into the infantry, he went into the entertainment corps and traveled with various shows. What happened, though, is that when he came back three years later, the movie industry had changed. People were not picking up contracts. He'd end up in B movies, playing bad guys and good guys, and it was like he had gone back to the beginning in a way.

GEORGE REEVES: Things got tough and I started digging cesspools. I'm not one of these four-figures-a-week actors. Don't get me wrong, I'd like to be. I can live on what I make, if I work regularly. But when five months go by and no movie job comes up, you begin to worry a little. Especially if you have a wife to support and a one-acre estate to pay for. I'm not worrying. More and more people are moving out our way, and they all need cesspools. ( Long Beach PressTelegram )

Behind-the-scenes shot of George Reeves on the set of Adventures of Superman .

When the decision was made to produce the syndicated series Adventures of Superman , George auditioned for and was cast as the Man of Steel.

GEORGE REEVES: When I was offered the part, I said, "Superman, what's that?" I'd heard of the comic strip, but that's all I knew. Then I said, "Why not?" and went to work. It started as a batch of 25 pictures and it got to be fun, but then it became a whole career. You have to get used to being laughed at and have to laugh at yourself a little. At first I wasn't too sure [about doing the show], but any actor likes his own series, though it means identification with one character. So I took the job and the show has grown like Topsy. It's sort of a fairy tale. Sort of St. George and the Dragon all over again. ( St. Louis Post-Dispatch and the Press-Telegram Long Beach )

JIM NOLT: Although it was a role he seemed born to play, it must have been difficult for him to spend his working days in the dual role of Clark Kent and Superman. He so often climbed into the flying rig, jumped off ladders and out of windows, collared crooks and saved the entire city of Metropolis from a multitude of close calls. The hours were long, the pay was short and undoubtedly it was not satisfying professionally.

Interacting with children and bringing them joy was a highlight of playing Superman for George Reeves.

GEORGE REEVES: Our idea is to give the children good entertainment without all the guts and blood and gore. We think the series should teach them something, too. That's why I decided to do this. In Superman we're all concerned with giving kids the right kind of show. We don't go for too much violence. Once, for a big fight scene, we had several of the top wrestlers in town do the big brawl. It was considered too rough by the sponsors and producers, so it was toned down. Our writers and the sponsors have children and they are all very careful about doing things on the show that will have no adverse effect on the young audience. We even try, in our scripts, to give gentle messages of tolerance and to stress that a man's color and race and religious beliefs should be respected. ( TV Radio Life )

Connecting with children was one of Reeves' primary interests, and during the show he worked with underprivileged kids, sponsoring, along with friends Henrietta and Nativdad Vacio, something that was called the Mambo Club.

George Reeves dressed as Superman with Queta and Nati Vacio.

GEORGE REEVES: When I was in motion pictures, Natividad, who is a close friend of mine, was telling me about the youngsters at the school. He mentioned that no one ever came to see them - no one of any kind of prominence, that is - so he asked if I would come over and talk to them. I said I'd be glad to. I spoke the Spanish language, which is probably unique for an Irishman like myself. Anyway, I brought my guitar along and Natty and I not only talked to the boys and girls, but we also put on a show for them. From that moment on, I became interested in these young people. I was also supposed to attend a meeting of the club - and there was some interest among the boys and girls in seeing Superman. Since there were about 150 in the club, I was totally unprepared for the mob that greeted me when I went to the school. There were about 3,000 children waiting for me. I managed to get to the recreation hall and I talked to them until the police finally had to come and send the kids home. There was just too much of a mob to handle. ( TV Radio Life )

George Reeves participates in a Milwaukee parade dressed as Superman.

CHUCK HARTER: During early and mid-1955, Reeves began to increase the frequency of his personal appearances. As well as riding in several parades, he visited many children's hospitals and orphanages.

MICHAEL J. HAYDE: At the time he started doing personal appearances, he realized, "Okay, this is it. Unless I become a director or work behind the scenes, nobody's gonna cast me in anything really important again." So there were personal appearances for extra money and there was him eventually getting the opportunity to direct three episodes when it looked like production was going to wind down for good. He was doing what he felt he needed to do to eat regularly.

George Reeves and Judy Nugent from an episode of the series.

JIM NOLT: Sometimes he would agree to appear in costume, other times he just preferred to be Clark Kent. If he was up on stage, away from the crowd, he didn't mind being Superman, only because they couldn't put as much direct pressure on him to do certain things. There he was more in control of what he was doing. If he was surrounded by kids, he wanted to be Clark, because they wouldn't put that same pressure on him.

CHUCK HARTER: In later interviews, Art Weissman, Reeves' manager, explained that if the kids were too young, they would ask and expect Superman to fly, and would be disappointed when he couldn't. He would then appear as Clark Kent. For an older crowd, he would appear as Superman and explain how the flying rig worked.

Superman (George Reeves) gets ready to take flight in this behind-the-scenes image.

GEORGE REEVES: I told them that the flying is accomplished through an elaborate rig instead of wires. We discarded wires when I fell 30 feet once. As for my jumps, which I'm always taking, I explained that they were done with the help of a springboard from which I took my dives. I didn't say that I usually land in a net. Occasionally I miss the net, but there are always two or three Supermans warming up in case I don't come out of a dive too well. I do all my own stunts, which consists of going through windows and walls and, of course, jumping. The highest jump I ever did was 20 feet. To keep physically fit, I do tumbling and calisthenics, primarily to learn how to fall without being hurt. ( Statesman Journal )

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GARY GROSSMAN: George attended numerous personal events to earn more income since he received very little compensation from his regular activities. Adventures of Superman It meant greater earnings for him. Although I didn't have the opportunity to meet him personally, countless photos have shown me just how much happiness radiated from his expression as well as from those who had conversations with him.

George Reeves at ease with his friend Sam.

GEORGE REEVES: The burden of being Superman is not a light one. In fact, it's a frightening responsibility. I can never go in a bar or smoke a cigarette, because Superman doesn't do those things. And I can't get in arguments in public. And like champion prizefighters, I'm always beset by some character who wants to boast that he took a poke at Superman. I had to take up judo in self defense. There is a certain small segment of the public which apparently delights in trying to prove that I'm a bum. You know the type. They come swaggering up to you, all sneers, and look you right in the eye and say, "So, you think you're Superman, eh? You're not so tough. I can lick you easy." And then, pow!" A trained boxer, he could take on these people, but someone in the public eye, like a Jack Webb or a Roy Rogers or any of the others, just can't do that sort of thing. George Reeves could punch one of those idiots in the nose and and nobody would care, but "Superman" can't. He'd be criticized for taking advantage of his supernatural powers. So, paradoxically, I've been forced to learn a few judo powers, which are even more effective than the things Superman himself is supposed to be able to do. ( Statesman Journal )

George Reeves at home, playing the guitar.

By 1956, Reeves' frustration with the role and the way he was treated by others, particularly the media, was growing apparent. For instance, in May of that year, he had gotten into a car accident, which generated headlines like, "Superman Sues for Damages After Wreck" and "Superman is Hurt Like Other Mortals."

In August 1956 he made an appearance on The Perry Como Show - being hosted by Tony Bennett - to sing accompanied by his guitar. By December of 1957, word reached the media that George Reeves' contract for Adventures of Superman had come to an end and that the show itself was drawing to a close. At the time, his attitude seemed to be a fairly healthy one, telling the Los Angeles Times - the reporter for which asked him if he had sold out by accepting the part of Superman - that he hoped to move into directing.

George Reeves posing in his backyard as Superman.

GEORGE REEVES: How can a starving actor sell himself out? I wasn't doing anything when this chance came along. The way I look at it, a working actor is a good actor, no matter what he's doing. Until I got my cape and badge of courage, I was never the height of success. You know, some people may not be aware of it, but I've done other things besides playing Superman. I wanted to be a singer, but I got my start in Hollywood with Hopalong Cassidy . If you remember those early "Hoppy' movies," I was the kid who used to look at Cassidy and shout, "Gee, Hoppy, what're we gonna do now?"

From that I graduated to roles with Claudette Colbert. When the war came along, I wound up in Moss Hart's Army production of Winged Victory and in 1946 I went back to Paramount. Except for the Sgt. Stark role in From Here to Eternity and a new part coming up in Walt Disney's Westward Ho! The Wagons , I haven't done much else. That's why I was glad to get this spot with Tony Bennett. It gave me an opportunity to prove again that I haven't always been Superman. After the series, it's like Hopalong Cassidy trying to get an acting job in white tie and tails. Producers wouldn't give me a job. They'd take one look at me and say it was impossible.

Original caption: American actor George Reeves, best known for his role as Superman in the television program Adventures of Superman , standing next to a train, circa 1950s.

The idea of directing appeals to me. I took over as director on the last 13 Superman segments we made last fall. I did it as sort of a chance, but I was surprised to find out how much I knew. I suppose you ought to absorb some knowledge after being in the business as long as I have. Now I'm enthused about doing more. I'm forming a production company and we plan to make a couple of science fictions features back-to-back. The trick stuff should come easy. We've done everything imaginable in the Superman series. ( Los Angeles Times, Akron Beacon Journal )

That all sounded more promising than it actually was - and Reeves more optimistic than people have generally painted him to be at the time.

Between scenes, George Reeves with the mother of series producer Whitney Ellsworth.

CHUCK HARTER: In August of 1957, prior to the filming of the sixth and final season of the Superman series, George Reeves organized and toured several state fairs with "The Superman Show." This revue featured Reeves performing musically as Clark Kent. He sang Spanish folk songs, played guitar and string bass with a Mariachi band. He also appeared as Superman in a segment of the show where he would wrestle a costumed villain named "Mr. Kryptonite." Noel Neill appeared as Lois Lane and also sang some songs accompanied by Reeves and the band. There were also various acts on the program and many charitable appearances by Reeves and Neill at various children's hospitals and orphanages.

JIM NOLT: Unfortunately, many of those were not well attended, partly because Art Wiseman, his manager, didn't publicize them well. George lost a lot of money on that. He put his own money into that tour.

Tribute to George Reeves and Adventures of Superman at the Super Museum in Metropolis, IL.

MICHAEL J. HAYDE: At that time, he was thinking about a recording career, too. He had recorded a couple of songs as demos and was shopping for a record deal. That was after he appeared on The Tony Bennett Show as a guitarist and singer. Of course, he also appeared as Superman, but at least he got to do his singing in a tuxedo and not in a cape and tights. My understanding is that he fronted the money expecting it to do very well, but there was one venue where there were, like, three people in the audience.

The final 13 episodes of Adventures of Superman went into production in September of 1957 at ZIV Studios, the last three of which - "The Brainy Burro," "The Perils of Superman" and "All That Glitters" - were directed by George Reeves.

George Reeves with comedian Danny Thomas, who in the 1950s was starring in Make Room for Daddy .

With Adventures of Superman ending its run in 1958 (filming having wrapped the previous year), Reeves' professional life was more or less running in place. Projects he'd hoped to develop fell through, and he was extremely frustrated with his career and with a personal life that was in turmoil. All of it would all end tragically.

In the first week of June 1959, Reeves was in a car accident, and suffered a serious brain concussion. He was prescribed several painkillers, but drank heavily besides to ease the pain.

BIOGRAPHY.COM: In addition to his professional problems, Reeves was burdened by his relationship with longtime lover Toni Mannix, the common-law wife of Eddie Mannix, vice president of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. In 1958, Reeves began a relationship with a young New York socialite, Leonore Lemmon. When he broke off his romance with Mannix, she was enraged and began to harass the new couple, causing Reeves to file for a restraining order against his former lover. On June 16, 1959, Reeves was found dead in his bedroom from a gunshot wound to the head. He was 45 years old. The police ruled his death a suicide, but rumors quickly surfaced that Reeves was murdered. Although Lemmon and Mannix were both suspected of killing Reeves, no arrests or convictions were made. His death remains shrouded in mystery.

(Original Caption) Lenore Lemmon (left), the fiancee of TV Superman George Reeves, leaves Reeves' home following the actor's suicide here, June 16th. Miss Lemmon, an actress, said she planned to marry Reeves on June 19th. The man at the right is unidentified.

RIP VAN RONKEL (screenwriter): George Reeves had been unhappy, because everyone thought of him as Superman, not as an actor. George was not a weak man, but he was soft and sensitive and this jungle we live in out here killed him. They couldn't make a buck off of him anymore, so they discarded him. ( Mirror News )

GARY GROSSMAN: George was going through a lot at the time he died. Superman producer Whitney Ellsworth said he had been in a traffic accident not too much earlier. He loved to drink, but Whitney said he was on these painkillers and really didn't know what he was doing at the moment. That was the story I believed for a long time, and I think Jack Larson tended to follow that story. But then Jack said "No, no, no, I believe he did not take his own life."

You also have to remember that in those days, MGM was a very powerful studio with very powerful tentacles into the LAPD and into the gossip columnists and into the legitimate press. Eddie Mannix was powerful enough to keep stories out of the press. His wife, Toni Mannix, was unhappy. Maybe somebody said something to somebody and somebody did something and that's what I choose to believe. Leonore Lemmon did do interviews for Entertainment Tonight and Inside Edition , and kept to the story about suicide, but there have been reports that Toni Mannix, on her deathbed, confessed. I don't know if that's true. I will say, though, that George was the first time that I was really aware of somebody dying. I remember the headlines and going to school the next day and we were all shocked, because the headlines were, "Superman Kills Self."

(Original Caption) Mrs. Lescher Bessolo, (C), mother of the late actor , George "Superman" Reeves, leaves the funeral services for her son with Attorney Jerry Geisler, (L) and an unidentified funeral attendant.

MICHAE J. HAYDE: I went through what everybody goes through, and here's the progression: you hear that George Reeves shot himself in the head. You go back and scroll through microfilm and through newspapers, which is what I did. Then you start seeing newspaper stories about there being no fingerprints on the gun. Then you see a newspaper story about two additional bullet holes found and you see a news story about how his mother has raised a probe to find out what really happened. And, of course, you think, "Why didn't I hear about this before?"

Later, stuff comes out about how he was seeing a married woman and then he broke off with her and hooked up with this New York socialite, and the first woman had mob ties back East. So it really got convoluted and there were so many things that didn't look normal that you start to think something nefarious must have happened. The other thing is that in the newspapers was the report that George's alcohol level was just under twice the legal limit at the time.

Behind the scenes on the episode "The Unlucky Number." With George Reeves is Noel Neill as Lois Lane.

JIM BEAVER: It's human nature that if someone doesn't live out their lifespan, or if something happens to someone where you're left questioning what happened, it's very natural for human beings to look at that and start pulling the threads out to see if we can unravel this. But sometimes a cigar is just a cigar. And sometimes a mystery is something that we as curious people just sort of create. After so many years of research, I don't personally think there's a mystery to what happened to him, but the fact is that people will always disagree about it, and then that sort of perpetuates a sense of mystery.

I very much did come around to the idea of suicide from the forensic evidence and personal evidence of people who knew him closely at the end of his life. Being drunk and filled with despair may not have been his daily attitude, but he happened to be at that moment when things came together in a way that he felt really bad and he had enough alcohol in his system to do something impulsive. And he had a history of impulsive behavior when he was inebriated. I've heard from reliable sources of a couple of occasions where he made efforts or gestures toward taking his own life. It doesn't mean that that's what happened, but generally the outcome suggests that the simplest answer is usually the correct one.

Art Linkletter and George Reeves.

JIM NOLT: I do believe George committed suicide. There was a lot going on in his life at the time, but his life was not going well. There's arguments back and forth about how could he commit suicide when there were actually rumors of another season of Superman perhaps. My answer to that is that that very well may have been one of the reasons. He's 45 years old, and this was not what he aspired to do. So at 45, what does he have to look forward to, but another season of jumping off of ladders and that type of thing? While we revere that, it may not have been what George wanted to do. In the end, it was ruled a suicide and there's nothing concrete to counter that. So that's what we're left with.

As well as the enduring memory of George Reeves as television's first Superman, and the definitive Man of Steel for a couple of generations of television viewers.

For generations, George Reeves was the definitive Superman.

MICHAEL J. HAYDE: When I was a child, I was just in awe of him. You watched the episodes as a child and you see the moment when he's taking off his glasses and ducking into the store room and I would start to get goosebumps. It's the thrill all children get when they're seeing something that excites them. So in that respect, it's a lot of what has stayed with me. And, of course, as a child I had a fairly vivid imagination and I'd like to pretend that I was Superman. I would get the costume every year and I would wear it throughout the year. I even got cheap toy sunglasses and popped out the lenses so that I could be Clark Kent.

GARY GROSSMAN: For kids, he was the embodiment of a fantasy that when we were in bed falling asleep, no matter what our days was, we could pretend we could do phenomenal things. That we could save our friends or get the bad guys or get a bully that maybe in real life we couldn't deal with in school. And all we needed to do was take off our glasses or jump into an outfit. And of course nobody could recognize us and we could do those impossible things. So, growing up I think Superman represented the possible to us in doing the impossible. He was the fantasy we wanted to live out.

JIM BEAVER: He had an innate ability to take seriously something that kids took seriously, and at the same time connected to the audience in a way that let both children and adults feel like they were in on a secret. It was his persona that not only were we privy to his secret identity and all the other secrets that grew out of that dynamic, but that somehow or another we were connected to him and that he knew us. He knew we were out there and he made us feel like we were members of a club that nobody else was privy to. There are a lot of other superheroes and TV heroes who don't have what he had. It's a gift that George Reeves had that only a few actors are blessed with. And it doesn't even have a great deal to do with talent - not that he didn't have talent. There are a lot of talented people who can't do what he did in that role, and that is to connect on a personal level with the audience. I think that is his legacy.

This looks like a job for Superman!

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NHK鈴木奈穂子アナ「あ…言っちゃった」 紅白司会の“秘密”ミッツにバラされ慌 てる

NHK鈴木奈穂子アナウンサー(43)が22日、同局特番「放送100年 時代を超えて 3世代が選ぶあの番組」(後7・30)に生出演し、昨年の「第75回 NHK紅白歌合戦」を振り返った。

NHKが放送を開始してからちょうど100年を迎えた節目の日に、同局に残る映像や音声で放送を歴史を振り返る特番。MCを務めるお笑いコンビ「極楽とんぼ」加藤浩次(55)のほか、女優の今田美桜や同局の新旧アナウンサーらが登場した。

同局の名物アナを紹介する場面では、「クイズ面白ゼミナール」や「紅白歌合戦」などで司会を務めた元アナウンサーの故・鈴木健二さんの名場面も紹介された。鈴木さんは本番中に台本を決して見ず、すべて暗記して出演していたことから、“人間コンピューター”と呼ばれた。

一方で同局OBの山川静夫は、曲紹介の口上を自分のせりふで考えていたことを打ち明けた。特に紅白前は、すべてを覚えるのが大変だったという。「もちろん。台本にはコメントがない。自分で12月からずっと考えて、それを本番で、生で、カンペさんとかないんだから。プロンプターさんがいないんだから。それを暗唱する。鈴木健二さんは頭が大きいからね。記憶力はあると思うけど、僕らはないから、12月は地獄ですよ」と、ユーモアをまじえて鈴木さんと比較して振り返った。

そんな中、現在の紅白について、昨年初司会を務めた鈴木アナに質問が飛んだ。「今は台本があって、覚えるというところに重きは置いていないかなっていうところで」。加藤からは「何ですか?重きを置いてないって」とツッコミが入ったが、ミッツ・マングローブからは「段取りを進めていくって感じですよね」とフォローが入った。

しかし、そのミッツからも鈴木アナにいじりが。「今、便利な時代になりましたもんね。ドーンと大きいスクリーンに、ちゃんと(せりふが)書いてあるんです」。秘密を暴露された鈴木アナは、「あ…言っちゃった」と声を漏らしていた。

朝ドラ『とと姉ちゃん』再放送決定!高畑充希「自分の卒業アルバムをめくるよ うな照れ臭さ」

NHKは、2016年に放送された連続テレビ小説「とと姉ちゃん」を総合テレビで再放送することを発表した。再放送は5月5日から始まり、毎週月曜日から金曜日の午後0時30分から0時45分まで放送される。全156回の放送予定で、NHKプラスでも配信される。

「とと姉ちゃん」は、戦後の東京で女性のために雑誌を刊行し、一世を風靡したヒロイン・常子と、昭和をたくましく生きたその家族を描いた物語だ。主人公・小橋常子を演じた高畑充希は、再放送に際して次のようにコメントしている。

「とと姉ちゃんが再放送で帰ってきます! あれから9年も経ったの、、?!と、時の流れの早さに眩暈がしました(笑) とと姉ちゃんは、私が初めて主演させていただいたドラマだったので、また放送されて嬉しい!という気持ちと、恥ずかしい、見ないでっ!という気持ちが正直半分半分です(笑) ですが、あの、とと姉ちゃんで居させてもらえた時間は、私にとっての宝物であり、何物にも変え難い、刹那的で美しい時間でした。そんな風に過ごせたのは、本当に、当時のとと姉ちゃんチームのスタッフ、キャストの皆さんのおかげです。そして、楽しんで観てくださっていた皆さんのおかげです。自分の卒業アルバムをめくるような照れ臭さがありますが、ぜひ、またテレビの前で、とと姉ちゃんファミリーとの再会を楽しんでいただけたら嬉しいです!」

また、再放送に先立ち、特別番組も放送される。「高畑充希さんがふりかえるとと姉ちゃん!」は4月30日、「木村多江さんがふりかえるとと姉ちゃん!」は5月1日にそれぞれ放送予定だ。

首播将至!宋威龙、鞠婧祎领衔古装仙侠剧《千香》来袭

在国剧领域,什么类型的电视剧最容易出黑马?

我认为是古装剧。

《仙剑奇侠传》、《甄嬛传》、《知否知否应是绿肥红瘦》等都是观众百看不厌的经典,不用多说,反复刷就完了。

而近几年来,国剧市场中也涌现了不少热度与口碑齐飞的古装好剧。

像《梦华录》、《莲花楼》、《长相思》等剧都将观众的热情拉高,不论是权谋、武侠还是仙侠,每一类题材都让观众看得过瘾。

而近年在《永夜星河》之后,国产古装剧又沉寂了下来,遍地的刑侦剧、家庭剧,想必让不古装剧迷都感到了剧荒。

不过别急,好剧已经在路上了。

古装仙侠言情剧《千香》近日过审下证,共40集,优酷待播!

演员阵容雄厚,故事更是跌宕起伏,看来这又是一部可以“封神”的作品!

奇幻冒险与情感纠葛的交织

《千香》的故事背景设定在一个充满神秘色彩的仙侠世界,传说中当海陨降临,建木显现时,得建木之实者可御万物,为此,仙、妖、魔三族陷入了长达百年的激烈战争.

百年后,青丘孤女小棒槌(鞠婧祎饰)因缘际会进入雏凤书院修习,并与雷修远(宋威龙饰)结下了不解之缘.

在书院中,小棒槌结识了一群以命相护的小伙伴,他们一起经历了种种波折,共同成长,也让小棒槌收获了最初的友情,并在心中埋下了情动的念想.

而雷修远这个狡猾又聪明的少年,始终陪伴在小棒槌身边,不离不弃.

五年后,昔日的小棒槌脱胎换骨,化身为冰雪之姿的姜黎非,她那闻所未闻的资质,引来了老谋深算的目光,身世之谜也随之逐渐揭开,各方势力开始追查她的来历.

在这重重危机之下,姜黎非与雷修远携手并肩,生死相随,在众人对异族秘辛的追逐中,共同走入雾一般的迷阵.

他们在冒险中不仅要面对外界的种种压力和挑战,还要应对内心的挣扎与成长.

从最初的互不相识,到逐渐产生深厚情谊,再到后来共同对抗宿命,

两人的爱情故事在这奇幻的仙侠背景下显得尤为动人,他们勇敢地冲破世俗的束缚,用爱与勇气书写着属于自己的传奇.

这部剧之所以吸引我,主要是因为以下两点。

剧中充满了各种令人眼花缭乱的仙侠元素,如神奇的法术、神秘的法宝、奇幻的仙魔场景等。

观众将跟随主角们一同穿梭于仙气缭绕的仙境、阴森恐怖的魔界以及热闹非凡的人间,感受仙侠世界的独特魅力.

从曝光的剧照和预告片来看,《千香》的服装造型华丽而不失雅致,完美契合了仙侠剧的氛围。

小棒槌的俏皮男装和姜黎非的冰雪女装,都让人眼前一亮,仿佛置身于一个梦幻的仙侠世界.

而场景特效方面更是下足了功夫,无论是仙气缭绕的仙境还是阴森恐怖的魔界,都呈现出一种美轮美奂的画面效果,

精心设计的打斗场面和特效镜头,更是让人仿佛置身于真实 的仙侠战斗之中,为观众带来一场视觉上的盛宴.

鞠婧祎领衔主演,实力派加盟

作为近年来古偶圈的人气女演员之一,鞠婧祎凭借其出众的颜值和灵动的气质深受观众喜爱。

在《千香》中,她将饰演青丘孤女小棒槌 / 姜黎非,前期的小棒槌性格粗野、天真烂漫,鞠婧祎通过细腻的表演将其刻画得栩栩如生,展现出了角色的俏皮与可爱;

后期的姜黎非则脱胎换骨,拥有了冰雪之姿,鞠婧祎又能精准地把握角色的气质转变,将姜黎非的聪慧与坚韧演绎得淋漓尽致,让观众看到了她在演技上的成长与突破.

模特出身的宋威龙拥有着高挑的身材和帅气的外表,在演技上也不断进步。

他所饰演的雷修远是一个狡猾而孤独的少年,起初接近小棒槌时怀有不良意图,但在相处过程中逐渐被她的纯真所打动,最终成为了她最坚实的后盾。

宋威龙将雷修远的复杂性演绎得十分到位,他在剧中与鞠婧祎的对手戏默契十足,无论是打闹时的深情,还是斗嘴时的爱意,都让观众感受到了两人之间深厚的情感羁绊.

中戏科班出身的赵华为 ,凭借其扎实的演技功底和出色的颜值,在剧中饰演纪桐周一角。

他将为剧情增添更多的变数和看点,其与主角们之间的情感纠葛和人物关系的发展,也让人十分期待.

北影科班出身的刘梦芮,虽然参演的电视剧不多,但每一部都堪称爆款。

她在《千香》中饰演百里歌林,相信她能够凭借自己的演技实力,为角色注入鲜活的生命力,为观众带来精彩的表演.

除此之外,还有郑合惠子、叶盛佳、张志浩、朱丽作配,群像戏有保障了。

在古装剧质量逐渐下滑的今天,《千香》无疑是给观众吃了一颗定心丸。

它不仅因为有鞠婧祎与宋威龙的强强联手,更因为其精心打磨的剧本和顶级制作而备受期待,等到这部剧上线,一定会带动一波收视热潮。

您是否已经迫不及待地想要看到小棒槌与雷修远在剧中的精彩表现了呢?